Impacts of capital investment in tourism infrastructure: the case of the fortress of Kuelap, Peru

Abstract

Located in the north of Peru, the Archaeological Complex of Kuélap – an ancient fortress nestled in the cloud forest – is considered a significant cultural resource representative of one of the country’s most important pre-Inca cultures: the Chachapoyas. While being a main destination on the north-eastern tourism circuit, this site required considerable development in order to attract tourism to the area. This case study investigates the relationship between capital investment in tourism infrastructure and improvements to tourism services. A combination of public and private partnerships allowed for the improvement of accessibility and tourism information facilities. The implementation of a cable car system to the fortress, the first of its kind in the country, has significantly reduced the trip distance from 2 h of hiking down to 20 min. The inclusion of signposting, infography and resting areas has also contributed to tourism satisfaction. Furthermore, through the development of community-based products and services, the local population is expected to benefit from the increase in visitation. As a result of these developments, tourist numbers showed a positive increase, contributing to the local economy. This case study examines current impacts and provides an analysis of other factors related to the management of heritage sites and their implications in the long term.